Operation, administration and maintenance oam data transmission method and apparatus

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure relates to operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) data transmission methods and apparatus. One example method includes obtaining a first data flow of a client, inserting an OAM data block in the first data flow of the client to obtain a second data flow of the client, where the OAM data block is a 64B/66B code block that carries OAM data, and distributing the second data flow of the client to at least one slot of a channel corresponding to the client.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/423,858, filed on May 28, 2019, which is a continuation ofInternational Application No. PCT/CN2017/111980, filed on Nov. 21, 2017.The International Application claims priority to Chinese PatentApplication No. 201611064255.X, filed on Nov. 28, 2016. All of theafore-mentioned patent applications are hereby incorporated by referencein their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to the communications field, and in particular,to an operation, administration and maintenance OAM data transmissionmethod and apparatus.

BACKGROUND

Operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) is a network faultdetection tool. A user may enable an Ethernet OAM function on twoconnected end-to-end devices, to detect a status of a link between thetwo devices.

Currently, there is no OAM data transmission mechanism in acommunications system that uses a flexible Ethernet (FlexE) technologyor another Ethernet technology obtained by extending the FlexEtechnology. Therefore, how to transmit OAM data in the communicationssystem that uses the FlexE technology or the another Ethernet technologyobtained by extending the FlexE becomes a technical problem that needsto be resolved.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of this application provide an OAM data transmission methodand apparatus, to transmit OAM data in a communications system that usesa FlexE technology or another Ethernet technology obtained by extendingthe FlexE.

According to a first aspect, an operation, administration andmaintenance OAM data transmission method is provided, including:

obtaining a first data flow, where the first data flow includes at leastone first OAM data block, the first OAM data block is a code block thatcarries first OAM data, and the first data flow is a data flow obtainedby deleting at least one redundant block or at least one second OAM datablock from a second data flow and inserting the at least one first OAMdata block, or the first data flow is a data flow obtained by modifyingat least one second OAM data block in a second data flow; and the seconddata flow is an aggregated data flow, the second OAM data block carriessecond OAM data, and the redundant block includes at least one of anidle block and a duplicate control block; and

sending the first data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data can be transmitted in acommunications system that uses a FlexE technology or another Ethernettechnology obtained by extending the FlexE.

A relative sequence of valid data blocks in the first data flow and thesecond data flow is fixed.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data is carried in anaggregated data flow, so that OAM data transmission crossing multi-hopnodes can be implemented.

In some possible implementations, the first data flow is the data flowobtained by deleting the at least one redundant block or the at leastone second OAM data block from the second data flow and inserting the atleast one first OAM data block, and the obtaining a first data flowincludes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the second dataflow;

generating the at least one first OAM data block; and

deleting the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block from the second data flow, and inserting the at least onefirst OAM data block, to obtain the first data flow.

In some possible implementations, the deleting the at least oneredundant block or the at least one second OAM data block from thesecond data flow, and inserting the at least one first OAM data blockincludes:

deleting the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block from the second data flow, and periodically inserting the atleast one first OAM data block.

The periodically inserting the at least one first OAM data blockfacilitates a receive end in determining, in time, whether acommunication link is faulty.

In some possible implementations, the deleting the at least oneredundant block from the first data flow, and periodically inserting theat least one first OAM data block includes:

deleting one redundant block and inserting one first OAM data blockwithin one period.

In some possible implementations, the first data flow is the data flowobtained by modifying the second OAM data block in the second data flow;and the obtaining a first data flow includes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude the at least one second OAM data block;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the second dataflow; and

modifying some or all second OAM data blocks in the second data flow, toobtain the first data flow.

In some possible implementations, the modifying OAM data carried in theat least one second OAM data block in the second data flow includes:

determining a target field that is in the at least one second OAM datablock in the second data flow and that needs to be modified; and

modifying OAM data in the target field.

In some possible implementations, the first OAM data and the second OAMdata each include a faulty-node identifier and an error flag.

In some possible implementations, the code block is a 64B/66B codeblock.

In some possible implementations, the first data flow is the data flowobtained by deleting the at least one redundant block from the seconddata flow and inserting the at least one first OAM data block, and thecode block is a code block that is based on a coding formatcorresponding to a media independent interface MII; and

the sending the first data flow includes:

performing 64B/66B coding processing on the first data flow, to obtain athird data flow; and

sending the third data flow.

According to a second aspect, an operation, administration andmaintenance OAM data transmission method is provided, including:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude at least one OAM data block, and the OAM data block is a codeblock that carries OAM data;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into a first dataflow;

deleting the at least one OAM data block from the first data flow, andinserting at least one redundant block, to obtain a second data flow,where the redundant block includes at least one of an idle block and aduplicate control block; and

sending the second data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data can be transmitted in acommunications system that uses a FlexE technology or another Ethernettechnology obtained by extending the FlexE.

The first data flow is an aggregated data flow, and a relative sequenceof valid data blocks in the first data flow is fixed.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data is carried in anaggregated data flow, so that OAM data transmission crossing multi-hopnodes can be implemented.

In some possible implementations, the code block is a 64B/66B codeblock.

According to a third aspect, an OAM data transmission apparatus isprovided, where the apparatus is configured to implement the method inthe first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

Specifically, the apparatus may include units configured to perform themethod in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the firstaspect.

According to a fourth aspect, an OAM data transmission apparatus isprovided, where the apparatus is configured to implement the method inthe second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

Specifically, the apparatus may include units configured to perform themethod in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the secondaspect.

According to a fifth aspect, an OAM data transmission apparatus isprovided, including: a processor, a receiver, a transmitter, a memory,and a bus system, where the processor, the receiver, the transmitter,and the memory are connected by using the bus system, the memory isconfigured to store an instruction or code, and the processor isconfigured to execute the instruction or the code that is stored in thememory, so that the OAM data transmission apparatus performs the methodin the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

According to a sixth aspect, an OAM data transmission apparatus isprovided, including: a processor, a receiver, a transmitter, a memory,and a bus system, where the processor, the receiver, the transmitter,and the memory are connected by using the bus system, the memory isconfigured to store an instruction or code, and the processor isconfigured to execute the instruction or the code that is stored in thememory, so that the OAM data transmission apparatus performs the methodin the second aspect or any possible implementation of the secondaspect.

According to a seventh aspect, a computer readable storage medium isprovided, where the computer readable storage medium stores a program,and the program enables an OAM data transmission apparatus to performthe method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of thefirst aspect.

According to an eighth aspect, a computer readable storage medium isprovided, where the computer readable storage medium stores a program,and the program enables an OAM data transmission apparatus to performthe method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of thesecond aspect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an Ethernet physical layer;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication procedure of a node ina communications system according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an OAM data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 64B/66B code block;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM frame according to anembodiment of this application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an OAM data transmission methodaccording to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an OAM data transmission methodaccording to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of performing OAM processing by a sourcenode according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of performing OAM processing by a sourcenode according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus according to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus according to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus according to another embodiment of this application; and

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus according to another embodiment of this application.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments ofthis application with reference to the accompanying drawings in theembodiments of this application.

The embodiments of this application may be applied to a communicationssystem that uses an Ethernet technology or another network technology.For example, the Ethernet technology may be an Ethernet technology thatis obtained by extending a flexible Ethernet (FlexE) technology and inwhich transmission crossing multi-hop devices can be implemented. Forexample, the existing FlexE technology may be combined with a crossforwarding or packet forwarding function, to implement an Ethernettechnology in which transmission crossing multi-hop devices can beimplemented. It should be noted that the Ethernet technology in theembodiments of this application may be the FlexE technology, may beanother Ethernet technology obtained by extending the FlexE technology,or may be a conventional Ethernet technology.

The FlexE defined by the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) is aninterface technology in which a 100 G Ethernet interface can be dividedinto 20 timeslots, and each timeslot is corresponding to a 5 Gbandwidth. The 20 timeslots can be combined into a logical interfacebased on a preset quantity. For example, the 20 timeslots may becombined into a logical interface with a 10 G, 25 G, 40 G, or 50 Gbandwidth. N physical links may further be bonded to implement aflexible combination of N*20 timeslots. In addition, the FlexE does notsupport transmission crossing multi-hop devices.

The Ethernet technology used by the communications system to which theembodiments of this application are applicable is obtained by extendingthe FlexE technology. In the Ethernet technology, an Ethernet interfacecan be divided into a plurality of timeslots, and the plurality oftimeslots can be combined into a logical interface based on anyquantity. In addition, transmission crossing multi-hop devices can befurther implemented in the Ethernet technology.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an Ethernet physical layer.As shown in FIG. 1, the physical layer may include a reconciliationsublayer, a media independent interface (MII), a physical codingsublayer (PCS), a forward error correction (FEC) sublayer, a physicalmedium attachment (PMA) sublayer, a physical medium dependent (PMD)sublayer, and an automatic negotiation (AN) sublayer. The reconciliationsublayer is configured to: perform reconciliation processing to convertan Ethernet frame into MII data; and send the MII data to the PCS byusing the MII. The PCS is configured to: perform coding processing (forexample, 64B/66B coding), scrambling processing, and the like on the MIIdata to generate a code block (for example, a 64B/66B code block); anddistribute the code block to a logical channel by using the FECsublayer. The FEC sublayer is configured to add redundanterror-correcting code to the code block. Under a specific condition,transmission error code can be automatically corrected through decoding,to reduce a bit error rate of a received signal. The PMA sublayer isconfigured to implement multiplexing from the logical channel to aphysical channel. The PMD sublayer is configured to transmit thephysical layer data by using the physical channel. The AN sublayer isconfigured to enable interconnected devices to perform some functionnegotiations such as communication rate selection. It should be notedthat the Ethernet physical layer may not include the FEC sublayer andthe AN sublayer.

A FlexE sublayer is in the PCS, and may be specifically below acoding/decoding module in the PCS. However, this is not limited in thisembodiment of this application. Alternatively, the FlexE sublayer may beabove a coding/decoding module in the PCS. The coding/decoding modulemay use a 64B/66B coding technology. However, this is not limited inthis embodiment of this application. Alternatively, the coding/decodingmodule may use another coding technology such as a 256B/257B codingtechnology. For ease of description, an example in which thecoding/decoding module uses the 64B/66B coding technology is used belowfor description.

The MII may include a 40 G media independent interface (40 Gb/s MediaIndependent Interface, XLGMII) and a 100 G media independent interface(100 Gb/s Media Independent Interface, CGMII).

As shown in FIG. 2, when a device in a communications system in anembodiment of this application sends data, for rate matching, the deviceinserts or deletes a specific quantity of idle blocks or duplicatecontrol blocks into or from a data flow based on a requirement, and thendistributes the data flow to a plurality of slots of a channel (channel)corresponding to the data. When the data arrives at a peer device, thepeer device aggregates the data received in the plurality of timeslotsinto a data flow. It should be understood that each device independentlyinserts an idle block or a duplicate control block, and quantities andlocations of idle blocks or duplicate control blocks that are insertedby devices may be different. It should be understood that one channelmay be considered as one virtual interface, and the virtual interfacemay have both an input function and an output function.

Specifically, a source node receives data from one or more inboundinterfaces or obtains locally generated data, and aggregates the data toa channel used as an outbound interface, to constitute a data flow. Thedata flow becomes a code stream with a relatively stable rate afterprocessing such as 64B/66B coding and idle (idle)-blockaddition/deletion is performed on the data flow. The code stream isdistributed to all slots of a channel for forwarding. It should beunderstood that the outbound interface and/or the inbound interfacementioned in this embodiment of this application may be a virtualinterface.

An intermediate node receives data in all the slots of the channel, andthen keeps a relative sequence of original data through aggregation andrestoration. Then, after performing cross forwarding processing on thedata, the intermediate node distributes the data to all slots of achannel, to forward the data. The relative sequence herein is a relativesequence of valid data. To meet a rate matching requirement, an idleblock may be added/deducted after the aggregation and restoration.

The intermediate node performs cross forwarding processing based on aunified forwarding rule. Specifically, the intermediate node performsforwarding by using a client (client) as a granularity, and one clientis corresponding to one channel. The intermediate node bonds at leastone slot with one channel, and then distributes data that is to be sentto a target client to at least one slot bonded with a channel of thetarget client, to forward the data.

It should be noted that the node shown in FIG. 2 deletes an idle blockwhen receiving a data flow, and adds an idle block when sending a dataflow. However, this is not limited in this embodiment of thisapplication. For example, alternatively, the node may not delete an idleblock when receiving a data flow, and may not add an idle block whensending a data flow, but may directly forward the received data flow.Alternatively, the intermediate node does not delete an idle block whenreceiving a data flow, and properly adds or deletes a correspondingquantity of idle blocks based on a rate matching requirement whensending a data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data may be processed at aFlexE sublayer. In this embodiment of this application, the FlexEsublayer is configured to perform cross forwarding and OAM processing onreceived data.

In this embodiment of this application, the node may implement thefunction of the FlexE sublayer. The node may be a forwarding device, forexample, may be a switch, or may be a router, a device having anexchanging function, a device having a routing function, or a devicehaving both an exchanging function and a routing function. Nodes may beclassified into a source node, an intermediate node, and a destinationnode.

An embodiment of this application provides an OAM data transmissionmethod. In the method, a source node may add OAM data to a data flow,and a destination node may terminate the OAM data. An intermediate nodemay forward the data flow that includes the OAM data. Alternatively, anintermediate node may modify OAM data in a corresponding field based ona configured field or a field obtained through negotiation betweenoperators. For example, when detecting fault information, theintermediate node writes the fault information into the correspondingfield. Alternatively, an intermediate node may terminate all the OAMdata received from an inbound interface, and then, on an outboundinterface, re-add some (or all) of the OAM data obtained from theinbound interface and locally detected OAM data to the data flow, andsend the data flow.

It should be noted that if a FlexE sublayer is below a coding/decodingmodule in a PCS, the node in this embodiment of this application insertsan OAM data block into a data flow obtained after 64B/66B coding. TheOAM data block is in a form of a 64B/66B code block.

If a FlexE sublayer is above a coding/decoding module in a PCS, the nodein this embodiment of this application inserts an OAM data block into adata flow that is based on a coding mode corresponding to an MII, andthen, performs 64B/66B coding processing on the data flow by using thecoding/decoding module, and sends the data flow. The OAM data block isin a form of data of a plurality of consecutive bytes (byte). Forexample, the OAM data block is in a form of eight consecutive bytes.Optionally, three of the eight consecutive bytes carry OAM data.

The OAM data transmission method according to the embodiments of thisapplication is described below with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 9.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an OAM data transmission method 300according to an embodiment of this application. The method 300 may beperformed by a source node or an intermediate node in the communicationssystem. As shown in FIG. 3, the method 300 may include the followingcontent:

310. Obtain a first data flow, where the first data flow includes atleast one first OAM data block, and the first OAM data block is a codeblock that carries first OAM data.

Optionally, the first data flow is a data flow obtained by deleting atleast one redundant block or at least one second OAM data block from asecond data flow and inserting the at least one first OAM data block, orthe first data flow is a data flow obtained by modifying at least onesecond OAM data block in a second data flow. The second data flow is anaggregated data flow, the second OAM data block carries second OAM data,and the redundant block includes at least one of an idle block and aduplicate control block.

For example, the second data flow is a data flow obtained after aplurality of code blocks received in a plurality of timeslots (slot) ofa channel are aggregated. Correspondingly, the first data flow is alsoan aggregated data flow.

Optionally, if the method 300 is performed by the source node, the firstdata flow may be locally generated.

320. Send the first data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data can be transmitted in acommunications system that uses a FlexE technology or another Ethernettechnology obtained by extending the FlexE.

Optionally, the first data flow may be sent in a plurality of slots of achannel. For example, at least one code block in the first data flow maybe sent in each of the plurality of slots of the channel. Afterreceiving code blocks transmitted in the plurality of slots of thechannel, a next-hop node may obtain the first data flow throughaggregation and restoration.

A relative sequence of valid data blocks in an aggregated data flow isfixed. Therefore, after the next-hop node receives data transmitted inthe plurality of timeslots, a relative sequence of valid data blocks inthe data flow obtained after the aggregation and restoration processingkeeps unchanged. This facilitates OAM data restoration. The valid datablocks herein may include an OAM data block, another data block, and acontrol block.

Therefore, in this embodiment of this application, OAM data is carriedin an aggregated data flow, so that OAM data transmission crossingmulti-hop nodes can be implemented.

If a case of performing redundant-block addition/deletion processing ona data flow for rate matching is not considered, a quantity of deletedredundant blocks or second OAM data blocks may be the same as a quantityof inserted first OAM data blocks. However, this is not limited in thisembodiment of this application.

In some embodiments, the code block may be a 64B/66B code block.

In some embodiments, the code block may be a code block that is based ona coding format corresponding to an MII. The method 300 is performed bythe source node, and the first data flow is the data flow obtained bydeleting the at least one redundant block from the second data flow andinserting the at least one first OAM data block. Correspondingly, thesending the first data flow includes:

performing 64B/66B coding processing on the first data flow, to obtain athird data flow; and

sending the third data flow.

It should be noted that in this embodiment of this application,alternatively, another coding technology may be used to perform codingprocessing on the first data flow, to obtain the third data flow. Forexample, alternatively, 256B/257B coding processing may be performed onthe first data flow, to obtain the third data flow.

In some embodiments, the method 300 is performed by the source node. Thefirst data flow is the data flow obtained by deleting the at least oneredundant block from the second data flow and inserting the at least onefirst OAM data block. Correspondingly, the obtaining a first data flowin step 310 includes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude the at least one redundant block;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the second dataflow;

generating the at least one first OAM data block; and

deleting the at least one redundant block from the second data flow, andinserting the at least one first OAM data block, to obtain the firstdata flow.

It should be understood that an execution sequence of deleting the atleast one redundant block by the source node and inserting the at leastone first OAM data block by the source node is not limited in thisembodiment of this application. For example, before inserting first OAMdata blocks, the source node may delete an enough quantity of redundantblocks in advance to reserve space for the to-be-inserted first OAMblocks, and then insert a same quantity of first OAM data blocks asdeleted redundant blocks. Alternatively, the source node may firstinsert one or more first OAM blocks at places where first OAM blocksneed to be inserted, record a quantity of redundant blocks that furtherneed to be deleted, and delete the same quantity of redundant blocks. Itshould be understood that in some embodiments, to meet rate matching,redundant-block addition or deletion may be continued before the firstdata flow is sent.

In some embodiments, the method 300 is performed by the intermediatenode. The first data flow is the data flow obtained by deleting the atleast one second OAM data block from the second data flow and insertingthe at least one first OAM data block. Correspondingly, the obtaining afirst data flow in step 310 includes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude the at least one second OAM data block;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the second dataflow;

generating the at least one first OAM data block; and

deleting the at least one second OAM data block from the second dataflow, and inserting the at least one first OAM data block, to obtain thefirst data flow.

It should be understood that in this embodiment of this application, theintermediate node may first delete the at least one second OAM datablock from the second data flow, and then insert the at least one firstOAM data block. It should be noted that in this embodiment of thisapplication, the OAM data carried in the at least one first OAM datablock may include locally detected fault information, and may furtherinclude the OAM data carried in the at least one second OAM data block.

It should be noted that the plurality of code blocks received by thesource node or the intermediate node may further include at least onedata block and/or at least one control block. Correspondingly, the firstdata flow may further include the at least one data block and/or the atleast one control block. The data block may be a code block that carriesvalid data such as service data.

Optionally, the deleting the at least one redundant block or the atleast one second OAM data block from the second data flow, and insertingthe at least one first OAM data block includes:

deleting the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block from the first data flow, and periodically inserting the atleast one first OAM data block.

In other words, the source node or the intermediate node mayperiodically insert the at least one first OAM data block. For example,the source node or the intermediate node may insert one first OAM codeblock at an interval of a preset quantity of (for example, 2048) codeblocks.

The periodically inserting the at least one first OAM data blockfacilitates a receive end in determining whether a communication link isfaulty. For example, if the receive end receives, within one or moreperiods, no OAM data block sent by a peer end, the receive end mayconsider that the communication link is faulty.

In addition, in this embodiment of this application, a code block thatcarries OAM data is periodically inserted at a PCS layer, so thatindicators such as a delay and a jitter can be well measured.

For example, the source node may search, at the start of each period(for example, at an interval of 2048 code blocks), for an idle block ora duplicate control block that can be deleted, delete the idle block orthe duplicate control block, and record the idle block or the duplicatecontrol block in the system. Then, the source node inserts an OAM blockbehind a last but one code block (for example, a 2047^(th) code block)within each period.

The intermediate node may delete all the at least one second OAM datablock that is in the second data flow and that is received on an inboundinterface, and then, on an outbound interface, periodically insert theat least one first OAM data block into the data flow, and send the dataflow. To meet rate matching, redundant-block addition/deletionprocessing may be further performed before the data flow is sent.

In some embodiments, the method 300 is performed by the source node.

Correspondingly, the deleting the at least one redundant block from thefirst data flow, and periodically inserting the at least one first OAMdata block includes: deleting one redundant block and inserting onefirst OAM data block within one period.

It should be understood that a location of the deleted redundant blockin the data flow may be different from or may be the same as a locationof the inserted first OAM data block in the data flow.

In some embodiments, the method 300 is performed by the intermediatenode, and the first data flow is the data flow obtained by modifying thesecond OAM data block in the second data flow. Correspondingly, theobtaining a first data flow in step 310 includes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of code blocksinclude the at least one second OAM data block;

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the second dataflow; and

modifying some or all second OAM data blocks in the second data flow, toobtain the first data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, a to-be-modified OAM data blockin the second data flow is described as the second OAM data block, and amodified OAM data block in the first data flow is described as the firstOAM data block.

It should be understood that all the second OAM data blocks in thesecond data flow may be modified to obtain the first data flow. In thiscase, all first OAM data blocks in the first data flow are differentfrom all the second OAM data blocks in the second data flow.

It should further be understood that alternatively, some second OAM datablocks in the second data flow may be modified to obtain the first dataflow. In this case, some first OAM data blocks in the first data floware the same as some second OAM data blocks in the second data flow.

Optionally, the modifying the at least one second OAM data block in thesecond data flow includes:

determining a target field that is in the at least one second OAM datablock in the second data flow and that needs to be modified; and

modifying OAM data in the target field, to obtain the first data flow.

In some embodiments, the method 300 is performed by the intermediatenode. Correspondingly, the obtaining a first data flow in step 310includes:

receiving a plurality of code blocks; and

aggregating the plurality of received code blocks into the first dataflow.

In other words, the intermediate node may directly forward a data flowthat carries OAM data, without modifying the OAM data carried in thedata flow. It should be understood that to meet rate matching, theintermediate node may further perform redundant-block addition/deletionprocessing on the data flow before forwarding the data flow.

It should be understood that the code block received by the intermediatenode is a 64B/66B code block.

Optionally, the OAM data in this embodiment of this application mayinclude a faulty-node identifier and an error flag.

The faulty-node identifier may be a faulty-node address. The address maybe an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address, an Internet Protocolversion 6 (IPv6) address, or a Media Access Control (MAC) address, ormay be any other character string.

The error flag may include a forward error flag and a backward error(Backward Error) flag.

Optionally, the OAM data in this embodiment of this application mayfurther include an error type, bit error rate detection information, anda bidirectional delay and jitter measurement flag. The error type mayinclude a decoding error, a link interruption, or the like. The biterror rate detection information may be bit interleaved parity-8(BIP-8).

During actual deployment, one service may need to pass through networksof a plurality of operators. In this case, each operator needs toperform OAM detection on the service, and report an alarm to a networkmanagement system of a corresponding operator in time when finding aproblem. Therefore, full-path detection can be implemented, to find andlocate the problem in time. In some embodiments,region-based/segment-based OAM detection is allowed. For example, in ascenario of crossing a plurality of operators, each operator mayindependently perform detection at a level/interval. When an error isdetected in a region-based/segment-based manner, related detectioninformation needs to be sent, to facilitate cross-interval errornotification. Therefore, the first OAM data may further include an OAMdetection result recorded by a node device of at least one operator.

The OAM data block in this embodiment of this application is describedbelow with reference to FIG. 4 by using the 64B/66B code block as anexample.

64B/66B coding is coding 64-bit (bit) data or control information into a66-bit block for transmission. First two bits in the 66-bit blockrepresent a synchronization header that is mainly used for dataalignment of the receive end and synchronization of received data bitstreams. The synchronization header is of two types: “01” and “10”. “01”indicates that all 64 bits behind the first two bits are data, and “10”indicates that 64 bits behind the first two bits are a combination ofdata and control information. In this embodiment of this application, a64B/66B code block whose synchronization header is “10” is used to carryOAM data. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 64B/66B codeblock. “0x6” is to be acknowledged and allocated by a standardorganization, and “10”, “0x4B”, “0x00”, “0x0”, and the like are allpreset fields with fixed values.

In this embodiment of this application, the OAM data may be carried in adata (Data) field in the code block. The code block may be identified asthe OAM data block by using the field “10”, “0x4B”, or “0x6”.

Because limited OAM data can be carried in one OAM data block, whenthere is a relatively large amount of OAM data, one OAM data blockcannot carry the OAM data that needs to be transmitted. Therefore, aplurality of OAM data blocks may be combined into one OAM frame to carrymore OAM data. For example, eight OAM data blocks may be combined intoone OAM frame. It should be understood that OAM data blocks in an OAMframe may be separated by another data block and/or a redundant block ina data flow.

The OAM frame may include information such as a frame start flag,bidirectional delay and jitter measurement information, forward errorinformation, backward error information, fault type information, afaulty-node identifier, and bit error rate detection information. Thebit error rate detection information may be the BIP-8. It should benoted that in this embodiment of this application, a frame structure ofthe OAM frame is not limited, and a corresponding field used to fillcorresponding information may be defined in the OAM frame.

A plurality of OAM frames may further be combined into an OAMmultiframe, to further carry more OAM data. For example, 16 to 64 OAMframes may be combined into an OAM multiframe. Correspondingly, the OAMframe may further include a multiframe flag field.

Further, the OAM frame may further include a multiframe start flag andsegment-based/region-based fault detection information. Thesegment-based/region-based fault detection information may include asource address, a destination address, bidirectional delay and jittermeasurement information, forward error information, backward errorinformation, a fault type, and bit error rate detection information ofeach segment-based/region-based node device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM frame. A block “0” inFIG. 5 represents a 64B/66B code block used to carry OAM data. In FIG.5, only an OAM frame that includes eight OAM data blocks is used as anexample for description. Because three bytes in one OAM data block areused to carry OAM data, a total of 24 bytes in the OAM frame thatincludes the eight OAM data blocks are used to carry OAM data. A row inthe OAM frame structure shown in FIG. 5 includes 32 bits, namely, fourbytes.

Meanings of fields shown in FIG. 5 are described as follows:

“S” represents a frame start (Start) flag bit.

“M” represents a multiframe (MultiFrame) flag bit. For example, “1”identifies the start of a multiframe.

“D” represents a bidirectional delay and jitter measurement flag bit.When starting a test, an OAM initiator may modify a value of the flagbit, for example, modify the value from “0” to “1” or modify the valuefrom “1” to “0”, and start timing. The value remains unchanged duringthe test, and a peer device returns the data. When detecting that theflag bit changes, the initiator may calculate a delay.

“F” represents a forward error (Forward Error) flag bit that indicatesthat an error occurs in an upstream.

“B” represents a forward error (Backward Error) flag bit that indicatesthat an error occurs in a reverse link.

A fault type (Fault Type) includes a decoding error, a linkinterruption, and the like.

“Dst” represents a destination address.

“Src” represents a source address.

A fault location (Fault Location) represents a faulty-node address.

BIP-8 is used to detect a bit error rate.

In the frame structure shown in FIG. 5, a first row is used to recordfault information or global information that needs cross-intervalnotification. A second row to a fifth row are used to record faultdetection information of a node of each operator.

It should be noted that in the frame structure shown in FIG. 5, first 32bits of the OAM frame are used as a start flag field of the OAM frame.However, this is not limited in this embodiment of this application.Alternatively, another quantity of first bits of the OAM frame may beused as a start flag field of the OAM frame. When the start flag fieldof the OAM frame occupies a plurality of bits, bits occupied by otherfields in the OAM frame may be correspondingly modified. A quantity ofbits occupied by each field in the OAM frame is not limited in thisembodiment of this application.

The setting the start flag field of the OAM frame in an OAM data part ofthe OAM data frame to identify the start of the OAM frame is describedabove. However, in this embodiment of this application, alternatively,the start of the OAM frame may be identified in another manner. Forexample, a third field and a seventh field in an OAM data block may beused to respectively carry “0x4B” and “0x6”, to identify the start of anOAM frame. A third field and a seventh field in each of a second OAMdata block to an eighth OAM data block in the OAM frame respectivelycarry “0x4B” and “0x7”.

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an OAM data transmission method 600according to an embodiment of this application. The method 600 may beperformed by a destination node in a communications system. As shown inFIG. 6, the method 600 may include the following content:

610. Receive a plurality of code blocks, where the plurality of codeblocks include at least one OAM data block, and the OAM data block is acode block that carries OAM data.

620. Aggregate the plurality of received code blocks into a first dataflow.

630. Delete the at least one OAM data block from the first data flow,and insert at least one redundant block, to obtain a second data flow,where the redundant block includes at least one of an idle block and aduplicate control block.

640. Send the second data flow.

In this embodiment of this application, OAM data can be transmitted in acommunications system that uses a FlexE technology or another Ethernettechnology obtained by extending the FlexE.

Optionally, the second data flow may be sent in a plurality of timeslotsof a channel.

A relative sequence of valid data blocks in an aggregated data flow isfixed. Therefore, after a next-hop node receives data transmitted in theplurality of timeslots, a relative sequence of valid data blocks in adata flow obtained after aggregation and restoration processing keepsunchanged. This facilitates OAM data restoration. The valid data blocksherein may include an OAM data block, another data block, and a controlblock.

Therefore, in this embodiment of this application, OAM data is carriedin an aggregated data flow, so that OAM data transmission crossingmulti-hop nodes can be implemented.

Optionally, the plurality of code blocks received in step 610 mayfurther include at least one data block. Correspondingly, the seconddata flow may further include the at least one data block. The datablock may carry valid data such as service data.

Optionally, if a case of performing redundant-block addition/deletionprocessing on a data flow for rate matching is not considered, aquantity of deleted OAM data blocks may be the same as a quantity ofinserted redundant blocks. However, this is not limited in thisembodiment of this application.

Optionally, in some embodiments, to meet rate matching, redundant-blockaddition/deletion processing may be further performed on the second dataflow before the second data flow is sent.

Optionally, the code block is a 64B/66B code block.

An OAM data transmission method according to an embodiment of thisapplication is described below with reference to FIG. 7 to FIG. 9.

In FIG. 7, a slot 0 to a slot n may be slots in M physical links in aflexible Ethernet group (FlexE group). In an example in which a 100 GEthernet interface is divided into 20 timeslots (slot), a total quantityof slots in the M physical links is n+1=M*20.

After aggregating data received in a plurality of slots into a dataflow, a source node may perform 64B/66B coding processing on the dataflow, and then perform OAM processing on a data flow obtained after thecoding processing, to be specific, insert an OAM data block into thedata flow. In addition, the source node may perform cross forwardingprocessing, determine a virtual outbound interface of the data flow, anddistribute the data flow to n timeslots bonded with the virtual outboundinterface. “0” in FIG. 7 represents an OAM data block.

The source node may periodically insert the OAM data block into thecoded and aggregated data flow. Some fields in the OAM data block suchas a related field reserved for supporting region-based/segment-basedOAM may be reserved. An intermediate node may write locally detected OAMdata into these reserved fields.

As described above, the source node may insert one OAM data block at aninterval of 2048 64/66B code blocks. In some embodiments, an enoughquantity of idle blocks or duplicate control blocks are deleted inadvance to reserve space for OAM data blocks, and then the OAM datablocks are inserted. For example, an idle block that can be deleted maybe searched for at the start of each period (at an interval of 2048blocks), the idle block may be deleted, and the idle block may berecorded in the system. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, an OAM data block isinserted behind a 2047th block. It should be noted that when the OAMdata block is inserted, a boundary of an Ethernet frame may not need tobe considered, and the OAM data block does not need to be inserted aftera frame ends and may be absolutely inserted in the middle of the frame.An insertion location depends only on a quantity of 64B/66B code blocksand locations of the 64B/66B code blocks.

In some embodiments, there is a jumbo frame (Jumbo Frame) in a switch ora router. If data such as a frame preamble is not considered, a lengthof the jumbo frame is 9000 bytes that is approximately 1125 64/66Bblocks. In this case, if a user sends data at a full rate, a relativelysmall quantity of idle blocks can be deleted within each period. Ifanother application also needs an idle code block, it cannot be ensuredthat a proper idle block can be found in each frame to vacate a locationfor an OAM data block. In this case, the source node may first insertone or more OAM data blocks at places where OAM blocks need to beinserted, record a corresponding quantity of idle blocks that arefurther to be deleted before an overall rate balance can be implemented,and may additionally delete the corresponding quantity of idle blockswithin a next period.

In addition, idle-block deletion or addition may be performed in a unitof eight bytes, or may be performed in a unit of one 64/66B code block.After the deletion, at least one idle byte can be reserved betweenframes.

As shown in FIG. 7, the intermediate node performs aggregationprocessing on code blocks received on a virtual inbound interface 1, toobtain a data flow that includes an OAM data block. Then, theintermediate node performs OAM processing and cross forwardingprocessing, determines a virtual outbound interface of the data flow,and distributes the data flow to n timeslots bonded with the virtualoutbound interface 2. That the intermediate node performs OAM processingincludes as follows: The intermediate node modifies OAM data carried inthe OAM data block in the data flow; or the intermediate node firstdeletes the OAM data block from the data flow, and then inserts a newOAM data block; or the intermediate node writes new OAM data into theOAM data block in the data flow.

When processing the OAM data, the intermediate node may writecorresponding data into proper (several) OAM data blocks based on an OAMframe structure. For example, when a problem is found in an OAM domain,error information may be written into a corresponding field in an OAMframe. It should be understood that there is no completely consecutiveOAM frame in the data flow in this embodiment of this application.Therefore, the OAM data may be written in a unit of one 64B/66B codeblock or in a unit of eight bytes.

In addition, because there is a rate difference between devices, theintermediate forwarding node may further add or delete an idle blockbefore sending the data flow that includes the OAM data block, toimplement rate matching.

As shown in FIG. 9, when obtaining the OAM data in the OAM data block, adestination node deletes the OAM data block from the data flow, andsupplements a proper quantity of idle blocks at idle locations. Itshould be noted that because a relative sequence of valid data in a dataflow is unchanged, inserting a proper quantity of idle blocks atcorresponding locations has no impact on correctly processing the dataflow by an upper layer.

The destination node may aggregate data received in slots into a dataflow, and then, extract OAM data from the data flow, and independentlyprocess the OAM data. After extracting the OAM data, the destinationnode may delete an OAM data block from the data flow, and then, searchfor a boundary of an Ethernet frame along the data flow, and insert, onthe boundary, a same quantity of idle data blocks or control blocks asdeleted OAM data blocks. The boundary of the Ethernet frame may beidentified by using an idle block, a frame terminate (Terminate) block,or the like.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. Theapparatus 1000 may be corresponding to the source node or theintermediate node in the method 300. As shown in FIG. 10, the apparatus1000 may include an obtaining unit 1010 and a sending unit 1020.

The obtaining unit 1010 is configured to obtain a first data flow. Thefirst data flow includes at least one first OAM data block, and thefirst OAM data block is a code block that carries first OAM data.

Optionally, the first data flow is a data flow obtained by deleting atleast one redundant block or at least one second OAM data block from asecond data flow and inserting the at least one first OAM data block, orthe first data flow is a data flow obtained by modifying at least onesecond OAM data block in a second data flow. The second data flow is anaggregated data flow, the second OAM data block carries second OAM data,and the redundant block includes at least one of an idle block and aduplicate control block.

Optionally, if the apparatus 1000 is corresponding to the source node inthe method 300, the first data flow may be locally generated.Correspondingly, the obtaining unit 1010 is specifically configured togenerate the first data flow.

The sending unit 1020 is configured to send the first data flow obtainedby the obtaining unit.

Optionally, the sending unit 1020 may send the first data flow in aplurality of timeslots (slot) of a channel (channel).

A relative sequence of valid data blocks in an aggregated data flow isfixed. Therefore, after a next-hop node receives data transmitted in theplurality of timeslots, a relative sequence of valid data blocks in adata flow obtained after aggregation and restoration processing keepsunchanged. This facilitates OAM data restoration. The valid data blocksherein may include an OAM data block, another data block, and a controlblock.

Therefore, in this embodiment of this application, OAM data is carriedin an aggregated data flow, so that OAM data transmission crossingmulti-hop nodes can be implemented.

Optionally, the first OAM data and the second OAM data each include afaulty-node identifier and an error flag.

Optionally, the code block is a 64B/66B code block.

As shown in FIG. 11, the obtaining unit 1010 may include a receivingsubunit 1011 and a processing subunit 1012.

In some embodiments, the first data flow is the data flow obtained bydeleting the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block from the second data flow and inserting the at least onefirst OAM data block. Correspondingly, the receiving subunit 1011 isconfigured to receive a plurality of code blocks, and the plurality ofcode blocks include the at least one redundant block or the at least onesecond OAM data block. The processing subunit 1012 is configured to:aggregate the plurality of code blocks received by the receiving subunit1011 into the second data flow; generate the at least one first OAM datablock; and delete the at least one redundant block or the at least onesecond OAM data block from the second data flow, and insert the at leastone first OAM data block, to obtain the first data flow.

The processing subunit 1012 may be further specifically configured to:delete the at least one redundant block or the at least one second OAMdata block from the second data flow, and periodically insert the atleast one first OAM data block.

Further, the processing subunit 1012 may be further specificallyconfigured to delete one redundant block and insert one first OAM datablock within one period.

In some embodiments, the first data flow is the data flow obtained bymodifying the second OAM data block in the second data flow.Correspondingly, the receiving subunit 1011 is configured to receive aplurality of code blocks, and the plurality of code blocks include theat least one second OAM data block. The processing subunit 1012 isconfigured to aggregate the plurality of code blocks received by thereceiving subunit 1011 into the second data flow. The processing subunitis further configured to modify some or all second OAM data blocks inthe second data flow, to obtain the first data flow.

The processing subunit 1011 may be specifically configured to:

determine a target field that is in the at least one second OAM datablock in the second data flow and that needs to be modified; and

modify OAM data in the target field.

In some embodiments, the first data flow is the data flow obtained bydeleting the at least one redundant block from the second data flow andinserting the at least one first OAM data block, and the code block is acode block that is based on a coding format corresponding to a mediaindependent interface MII. Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 11, thesending unit 1020 may include a coding subunit 1021, configured toperform 64B/66B coding processing on the first data flow, to obtain athird data flow; and a sending subunit 1022, configured to send thethird data flow.

It should be understood that the apparatus 1000 according to thisembodiment of this application may be corresponding to the source nodeor the intermediate node in the method 300 according to the embodimentsof this application, and the foregoing and other operations and/orfunctions of the modules in the apparatus 1000 are separately configuredto implement the corresponding procedures in the method 300 shown inFIG. 3. For clarity, details are not described herein again.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus 1200 according to another embodiment of this application. Asshown in FIG. 12, the apparatus 1200 includes a processor 1210, atransmitter 1220, a memory 1240, and a bus system 1250. The processor1210, the transmitter 1220, and the memory 1240 are connected by usingthe bus system 1250. The memory 1240 may be configured to store code andthe like executed by the processor 1210. The transmitter 1220 may beconfigured to send a signal under control of the processor 1210.

In some embodiments, the processor 1210 may be configured to implementthe function of the obtaining unit 1010 in the apparatus 1000 shown inFIG. 10, and the transmitter 1220 is configured to implement thefunction of the sending unit 1020 in the apparatus 1000.

Optionally, the apparatus 1200 may further include a receiver 1230. Thereceiver 1230 may be configured to receive a signal under control of theprocessor 1210.

In some embodiments, the processor 1210 may be configured to implementthe function of the processing subunit 1012 in the apparatus 1000 shownin FIG. 11, the receiver 1230 is configured to implement the function ofthe receiving subunit 1011, and the transmitter 1220 is configured toimplement the function of the sending unit 1020 in the apparatus 1000.

In some embodiments, the processor 1210 may be configured to implementthe functions of the processing subunit 1012 and the coding subunit 1021in the apparatus 1000 shown in FIG. 11, the receiver 1230 is configuredto implement the function of the receiving subunit 1011, and thetransmitter 1220 is configured to implement the function of the sendingsubunit 1022.

It should be understood that the apparatus 1200 according to thisembodiment of this application may be corresponding to the source nodeor the intermediate node in the method 300 according to the embodimentsof this application and the apparatus 1000 according to the embodimentsof this application, and the foregoing and other operations and/orfunctions of the modules in the apparatus 1200 are separately configuredto implement the corresponding procedures in the method 300 shown inFIG. 3. For clarity, details are not described herein again.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus 1300 according to another embodiment of this application. Theapparatus 1300 may be corresponding to the destination node in themethod 600 shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 13, the apparatus 1300includes a receiving unit 1310, a processing unit 1320, and a sendingunit 1330.

The receiving unit 1310 is configured to receive a plurality of codeblocks. The plurality of code blocks include at least one OAM datablock, and the OAM data block is a code block that carries OAM data.

The processing unit 1320 is configured to aggregate the plurality ofreceived code blocks into a first data flow, and is further configuredto: delete the at least one OAM data block from the first data flow, andinsert at least one redundant block, to obtain a second data flow. Theredundant block includes at least one of an idle block and a duplicatecontrol block.

The sending unit 1330 is configured to send the second data flow.

Optionally, the code block is a 64B/66B code block.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an OAM data transmissionapparatus 1400 according to another embodiment of this application. Asshown in FIG. 14, the apparatus 1400 includes a processor 1410, atransmitter 1420, a receiver 1430, a memory 1440, and a bus system 1450.The processor 1410, the transmitter 1420, the receiver 1430, and thememory 1440 are connected by using the bus system 1450. The memory 1440may be configured to store code and the like executed by the processor1410. The transmitter 1420 may be configured to send a signal undercontrol of the processor 1410, and the receiver 1430 may be configuredto receive a signal under control of the processor 1410.

Specifically, the processor 1410 may be configured to implement thefunction of the processing unit 1320 in the apparatus 1300 shown in FIG.13, the receiver 1430 is configured to implement the function of thereceiving unit 1310, and the transmitter 1420 is configured to implementthe function of the sending unit 1330.

It should be understood that the apparatus 1400 according to thisembodiment of this application may be corresponding to the destinationnode in the method 600 according to the embodiments of this applicationand the apparatus 1300 according to the embodiments of this application,and the foregoing and other operations and/or functions of the modulesin the apparatus 1400 are separately configured to implement thecorresponding procedures in the method 600 shown in FIG. 6. For clarity,details are not described herein again.

It should be noted that the bus system in the foregoing embodiments mayfurther include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus inaddition to a data bus. For ease of representation, various buses aremarked as the bus system in the figure.

The memory in the foregoing embodiments may include a volatile memory(volatile memory) such as a random access memory (random access memory,RAM). Alternatively, the memory may include a nonvolatile memory(nonvolatile memory) such as a flash memory (flash memory), a hard diskdrive (hard disk drive, HDD), or a solid-state drive (solid-state drive,SSD). Alternatively, the memory may include a combination of theforegoing types of memories.

The processor in the foregoing embodiments may be a central processingunit (central processing unit, CPU), a network processor (networkprocessor, NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP. The processor mayfurther include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be anapplication-specific integrated circuit (application-specific integratedcircuit, ASIC), a programmable logic device (programmable logic device,PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a complex programmablelogical device (complex programmable logical device, CPLD), a fieldprogrammable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), genericarray logic (generic array logic, GAL), or any combination thereof.

In the embodiments of this application, “first” and “second” are merelyused for distinguishing, and do not mean a sequence or a size.

A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combinationwith the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in thisspecification, units and algorithm steps can be implemented byelectronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronichardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or softwaredepends on particular applications and design constraint conditions ofthe technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use differentmethods to implement the described functions for each particularapplication, but it should not be considered that the implementationgoes beyond the scope of this application.

A person skilled in the art may clear understand that, for the purposeof convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process ofthe foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, refer to a correspondingprocess in the foregoing method embodiments. Details are not describedherein again.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should beunderstood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may beimplemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatusembodiments are merely examples. For example, the unit division ismerely logical function division and may be other division during actualimplementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may becombined or integrated into another system, or some features may beignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutualcouplings or direct couplings or communication connections may beimplemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings orcommunication connections between the apparatuses or units may beimplemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physicallyseparate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units,to be specific, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on aplurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selectedbased on an actual requirement, to achieve the objectives of thesolutions in the embodiments.

In addition, the function units in the embodiments of this applicationmay be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units mayexist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into oneunit.

When the functions are implemented in a form of a software function unitand sold or used as an independent product, the functions may be storedin a computer readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding,the technical solutions in this application essentially, or the partcontributing to the prior art, or some of the technical solutions may beimplemented in a form of a software product. The computer softwareproduct is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructionsfor instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, aserver, a network device, or the like) to perform all or some of thesteps of the methods described in the embodiments of this application.The foregoing storage medium includes: any medium that can store programcode, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-onlymemory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random AccessMemory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.

The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of thisapplication, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of thisapplication. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by aperson skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in thisapplication shall fall within the protection scope of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject tothe protection scope of the claims.

1. An operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) data transmissionmethod, comprising: obtaining, by a first node, a first data flow of aclient; inserting, by the first node, an OAM data block in the firstdata flow of the client to obtain a second data flow of the client,wherein the OAM data block is a 64B/66B code block that carries OAMdata; and distributing, by the first node, the second data flow of theclient to at least one slot of a channel corresponding to the client. 2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the client is an Ethernetclient, and wherein first two bits in the 64B/66B code block represent asynchronization header.
 3. The method according to claim 1, whereinbefore distributing the second data flow of the client, the methodfurther comprises: performing, by the first node, idle blockaddition/deletion on the second data flow of the client.
 4. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein a slot of the channel corresponding to theclient is one of a plurality of slots of M physical links of the firstnode.
 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein each physical link ofthe M physical links is a 100G physical link, and wherein each physicallink of the M physical links comprises 20 slots.
 6. An operation,administration and maintenance (OAM) data transmission method,comprising: receiving, by a second node, a second data flow of a clientfrom at least one slot of a channel corresponding to the client, whereinthe second data flow of the client comprise an OAM data block, andwherein the OAM data block is a 64B/66B code block that carries OAMdata; detecting, by the second node, OAM of the client according to theOAM data block; and deleting, by the second node, the OAM data blockfrom the second data flow to obtain a first data flow of the client. 7.The method according to claim 6, wherein the client is an Ethernetclient, and wherein first two bits in the 64B/66B code block represent asynchronization header.
 8. The method according to claim 6, whereinbefore detecting the OAM of the client, the method further comprises:performing, by the second node, idle block addition/deletion on thesecond data flow of the client.
 9. The method according to claim 6,wherein a slot of the channel corresponding to the client is one of aplurality of slots of M physical links of the second node.
 10. Themethod according to claim 9, wherein each physical link of the Mphysical links is a 100G physical link, and wherein each physical linkof the M physical links comprises 20 slots.
 11. An operation,administration and maintenance (OAM) data transmission apparatus,comprising: at least one processor; and one or more memories coupled tothe at least one processor and storing programming instructions forexecution by the at least one processor to: obtain a first data flow ofa client; insert an OAM data block in the first data flow of the clientto obtain a second data flow of the client, wherein the OAM data blockis a 64B/66B code block that carries OAM data; and distribute the seconddata flow of the client to at least one slot of a channel correspondingto the client.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein theclient is an Ethernet client, and wherein first two bits in the 64B/66Bcode block represent a synchronization header.
 13. The apparatusaccording to claim 11, wherein the programming instructions are forexecution by the at least one processor to perform idle blockaddition/deletion on the second data flow of the client.
 14. Theapparatus according to claim 11, wherein a slot of the channelcorresponding to the client is one of a plurality of slots of M physicallinks of the apparatus.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, whereineach physical link of the M physical links is a 100G physical link, andwherein each physical link of the M physical links comprises 20 slots.16. An operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) data transmissionapparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and one or more memoriescoupled to the at least one processor and storing programminginstructions for execution by the at least one processor to performoperations comprising: receiving a second data flow of a client from atleast one slot of a channel corresponding to the client, wherein thesecond data flow of the client comprise an OAM data block, and whereinthe OAM data block is a 64B/66B code block that carries OAM data;detecting OAM of the client according to the OAM data block; anddeleting the OAM data block from the second data flow to obtain a firstdata flow of the client.
 17. The apparatus according to claim 16,wherein the client is an Ethernet client, and wherein first two bits inthe 64B/66B code block represent a synchronization header.
 18. Theapparatus according to claim 16, wherein the operations further compriseperforming idle block addition/deletion on the second data flow of theclient.
 19. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein a slot of thechannel corresponding to the client is one of a plurality of slots of Mphysical links of the apparatus.
 20. The apparatus according to claim19, wherein each physical link of the M physical links is a 100Gphysical link, and wherein each physical link of the M physical linkscomprises 20 slots.